Microbiota-derived metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and tryptophan-derived indoles, can modulate GLP-1 secretion, gutbrain communication, insulin sensitivity, and inflammatory tone ( This mini-review critically examines the mechanisms underlying GLP-1induced weight loss, the physiological limits of energy expenditure in humans, and the emerging evidence supporting postbiotics as complementary modulators within convergence-based strategies aimed at lean mass preservation and weight-loss sustainability
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Disorders related to ferroptosis and iron metabolism are implicated in numerous human diseases, such as iron deficiency anaemia, haemochromatosis, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, various metabolic disorders, and many forms of cancer [9]
(2014) 6:232ra50
Mahmoud HS, Abou-El-Naga M, Omar NAA, et al
Definition and description of schizophrenia in the DSM-5
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