FIGURE 3 Discussion ACI has been shown to regenerate new tissues, reduce pain, and increase joint function after cartilage injury
Moreover, HC treatment induced severe mitochondrial dysfunction, characterized by ATP depletion, mitochondrial membrane depolarization, fragmentation of the mitochondrial network, altered intracellular ROS level and GSH/GSSG ratio
Extending the incubation to 72 hours exacerbated these trends, and even GSH levels fell by 33%, and GSSG increased by 81% from the baseline (Supplementary Figure 1g-l)
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Am J Physiology-Endocrinology Metabolism 257(6):E916E922
Since the production of melatonin with age is gradually decreasing, such an event may to some extent correlate with the development of many chronic diseases (Hardeland 2012)