Glutathione is often referred to as the master antioxidant, since it is by far the most abundant of our body's "first line of defense" antioxidants
Ramzi, A
A 2022 systematic review examining antioxidant interventions for liver disease concluded that NAC showed "moderate to strong evidence" for improving liver function markers, while oral glutathione (non-liposomal forms) had "limited evidence" of clinical efficacy
Various cell death processes are also involved in spermatogenesis, such as apoptosis and autophagy, and recently, a new form of regulated cell death, ferroptosis, has been reported to be involved in spermatogenesis [13,14,15]
However, UPF-induced gut dysbiosis, such as that observed following sucralose exposure, reduces SCFA availability, thereby impairing the regulation of these key neurotransmitters (24)
In this way, glutathione absorption levels can be as high as 80%