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"Peptides are just going to be another drug," Cassileth, founder and CEO of The Practice Healthcare, said

On entering the body, SS-31 binds with high affinity to cardiolipin, a phospholipid uniquely found in the inner mitochondrial membrane and known to interact with a protein called cytochrome c.2 This interaction determines whether cytochrome c becomes either an electron carrier or a peroxidase, and SS-31 promotes conversion to the former instead of the latter.3 As an electron carrier, cytochrome c drives the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), our primary form of cellular energy.4 ATP production is the principal function of mitochondria, so SS-31s presence helps ensure that the powerhouses of the cell continue to carry out their critical role

When overactive, it drives chronic inflammation that can damage hair follicles

Joe even introduced his concierge doctor to Tiny Health

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Retinol (Vitamin A) and vitamin C promote collagen synthesis indirectly retinol via retinoic acid receptor signaling, vitamin C as a co-factor in collagen cross-linking