Among these, vitamin B12 deficiency has been associated with recurrent mouth ulceration
However, those peptides were specifically engineered or selected partly for mucosal permeability
Some peptides are FDA-approved prescription medications, some are legally compounded by licensed pharmacies with a prescription, and many of the ones sold online as research chemicals are not legal for human use at all
McGill University's Office for Science and Society points out most gray-market BPC-157 comes from unregulated compounding, so there's no promise of purity or proper labeling
Older adults are at a higher risk for B12 deficiency for a number of reasons: Digestive issues that interfere with absorption Reduced food intake Dental issues that discourage meat consumption Disturbances to the gut biome Excess alcohol consumption Reduced stomach acid production that lowers absorption Reduced consumption and absorption of B12 can lead to neurological disorders, cognitive impairment and a number of other issues that accelerate aging and reduce overall quality of life
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