Chloramphenicol (an antibiotic) may reduce the haematological response to B12 therapy
Hydroxocobalamin, the form of B12 most commonly used in UK clinical practice, may cause a harmless pink or red discolouration of urine
Generally speaking, however, for a deficiency, the injection should be administered once every 1 to 3 months, depending on the severity
This bypasses the digestive system, allowing for faster, more efficient absorption, which can be especially beneficial when nutrient needs are high or when digestion is impaired
Some UK pharmacies offer private vitamin B12 injection services following a consultation and suitability assessment
The medication is commonly used alongside metformin, with the combination often providing complementary mechanisms of action for improved glycemic control