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"Copper complexes of glycyl-histidyl-lysine and two of its synthetic analogues: chemical behaviour and biological activity"

This is one of the most common complaints, and while people discuss it openly, the advice varies wildly

Collagen protection

As previously reported, AKT1 plays a key role in several cellular processes, including the regulation of mitochondrial dynamics by influencing the expression of proteins related to mitochondrial fusion and fission (Xie et al., 2022)

For background on the copper tripeptide itself, Wikipedias GHK-Cu overview provides foundational context

Contains the following ingredients saline, B12, Calcium Gluconate, Magnesium Chloride, Pyridoxine/B6, B1, B2, B3, and B5