Acquisition of 1 H-NMR spectra and metabolic profiling The lyophilized metabolic extracts were suspended in 0.6 ml of deuterated water (Cambridge Isotope Laboratories Inc., Tewksbury, MA, USA) containing phosphate buffer (100 mM) and TSP (3-3-(trimethylsilyl)-2,2,3,3-tetradeuteropropionic acid or TMSP- d 4 , Cambridge Isotope Laboratories) (0.5 mM) and inserted into a 5 mm NMR tube for immediate acquisition
89 Diluted CaHA is widely used for skin rejuvenation, improving hydration, texture, and fine lines
Growth is further accelerated by rapid expansion within the pharmaceutical, food additive, and cosmetics industries, alongside increasing prevalence of lifestyle-induced diseases and urban air quality concerns that heighten consumer interest in antioxidant protection and cellular health support
This imbalance results in chronic inflammation and can lead to leaky gut syndrome (5)
Laboratory monitoring of electrolytes may be warranted in specific situations, such as persistent gastrointestinal symptoms, concurrent diuretic use, kidney disease, or older age
2.2 Functional implications of specific gut microbiota in hypothyroidism As seen in the results mentioned above, Phascolarctobacterium is more abundant in patients with hypothyroidism (Liu et al., 2020)
