The rollercoaster history of using physiological and pharmacological properties of incretin hormones to develop diabetes medications with a convincing benefitrisk relationship
Almost all GLP-1RAs are used in subcutaneous injections, which could be a significant disadvantage for many patients
Insulin sensitivity and metabolic markers All three medications improve insulin sensitivity, but the magnitude varies
Very Common Side Effects More than 1 in 10 people report: Nausea Vomiting Diarrhea Constipation General stomach pain These are less common, but important: Gallbladder problems Pancreatitis Dehydration that can lead to kidney issues Low blood sugar (especially for people with diabetes) And then theres the murkier territory: Weight regain is common after stopping the medication
doi: 10.1038/s41580-020-00324-8 12 XuHYeDRenMZhangHBiF
The mitochondria in RGCs from glaucoma subjects and rodent glaucoma models were smaller, rounder, and more fragmented, suggesting a link between glaucoma, iron levels, and mitochondrial dysfunction (321)
