Firstly, at the molecular expression level, TMAO can significantly up-regulate the expression of MHC-II molecules and co-stimulatory molecules CD86 on the surface of DCs
Hill C, Guarner F, Reid G, et al
Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 349:507522
What Published Mechanism Research Implies (And Doesn't) GHK-Cu's documented activities stimulating fibroblast proliferation, modulating collagen and glycosaminoglycan synthesis, affecting gene expression at scale (Pickart & Margolina describe an effect on roughly 31% of human genes, PMID 29986520) are mechanism findings, not adverse-event predictions
10 : 5963 Bertoni-Freddari C, Fattoretti P, Casoli T, Spagna C, Casell U
Toronto Clinical Neuropathy Score is valid for a wide spectrum of polyneuropathies