Estrogen decline reduces collagen and skin hydration , with up to 2030% collagen loss in the first five years after menopause contributing to dryness and itching
They are safe when administered by a licensed professional
PubMed DOI Pickart L, Vasquez-Soltero JM, Margolina A
It is studied in preclinical models to investigate telomerase activity regulation, cellular senescence markers, pineal gland function in aging, and circadian rhythm normalization
Moreover, it's commonly employed for: Skin brightening, acting as a powerful antioxidant, anti-aging, and boosting antioxidant absorption
As a 2026 review noted, the original composition-of-matter patents "have likely expired reducing the commercial exclusivity that typically incentivizes industry-sponsored Phase II and III development" [13]