When you train or get injured, tiny micro-tears form in muscle fibres and connective tissues
However, some studies show no relationship between dietary choline, betaine, or carnitine with the incidence of CVDs, even though TMAO increases CVD mortality in some populations (Meyer and Shea, 2017
Combined with the appetite and blood sugar effects of GLP-1 and GIP, the three together may create a stronger, synergistic effect that explains the impressive results seen in early trials
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Chronically high blood sugar damages the tiny blood vessels in your eyes, leading to conditions like diabetic retinopathy, neuropathy, cataracts, glaucoma, and you guessed it NAION
doi: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-021115-105045