PubMed Sikiric P, Seiwerth S, Rucman R, Turkovic B, Rokotov DS, et al
Pharmacokinetics: Cyanocobalamin is administered intranasally, orally, and parenterally, while hydroxocobalamin is administered only parenterally. Once absorbed, vitamin B12 is highly bound to transcobalamin II, a specific B-globulin carrier protein and is distributed and stored primarily in the liver as coenzyme B12. The bone marrow also stores a significant amount of the absorbed vitamin B12. This vitamin crosses the placenta and is distributed into breast milk. Enterohepatic recirculation conserves systemic stores. The half-life is about 6 days (400 days in the liver). Elimination is primarily through the bile; however, excess cyanocobalamin is excreted unchanged in the urine
Protein aggregation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Likewise, L-NAME responsive, L-arginine responsive, parallel beneficial effect NO-response might combine the recovered acute amphetamine-induced effects as the resembling positive-like symptom [70] and ketamine-prolonged exploration time in the ketamine-induced cognition dysfunction as the resembling negative-like symptom [59]
This method is used when other ways of taking B12 dont work
Nutrition Research, 134 , 39-48
