Access this article Similar content being viewed by others Abbreviations ALS: acid labile subunit BMP: bone morphogenic protein COJ: chondro-osseous junction FDA: Food and Drug Administration FGF: fibroblast growth factor GH: growth hormone GHR/: growth hormone receptor knockout GnRH: gonadotropin releasing hormone GP: growth plate HZ: hypertrophic zone of growth plate cartilage IGF-1: insulin-like growth factor 1 IGF-1R: insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor IGF2: insulin-like growth factor 2 IGFBP: insulin-like growth factor binding protein Ihh: Indian hedgehog LID: liver IGF-1-deficient LLD: limb length discrepancy MAPK: mitogen-activated protein kinase MMP-9: matrix metalloproteinase 9 MPM: multiphoton microscopy PTHrP: parathyroid hormone-related protein PZ: proliferative zone of growth plate cartilage RZ: reserve zone of growth plate cartilage T3: triiodothyronine TKI: tyrosine kinase inhibitors TR1: thyroid hormone receptor alpha 1 TR: thyroid hormone receptor beta VEGF: vascular endothelial growth factor WISP3: Wnt-induced secreted protein 3 Wnt: wingless/integrated Zn: zinc References Papers of particular interest, published recently, have been highlighted as: Of major importance Farnum CE
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Clinical trials, such as Falutz et al., New England Journal of Medicine (2010), found significant reductions in VAT among patients treated with Tesamorelin
Dysregulated oxalate metabolism is a driver and therapeutic target in atherosclerosis
