Its entire evidence base is preclinical rodent work much of it from the lab that created the compound and there is a notable mismatch between how those studies dosed it (oral and peripheral) and how community sources describe taking it (subcutaneous and intranasal)
Despite the many prevalent hypotheses around the pathogenesis of the disease, most treatments focus on targeting and lowering the accumulation of ammonia as well as inflammation
Barcelos RP, Souza MA, Amaral GP, Stefanello ST, Bresciani G, Fighera MR et al (2014) Caffeine supplementation modulates oxidative stress markers in the liver of trained rats
Moreover, the abundance of bacteria carrying bile salt hydrolase and bile acid inducible enzyme in the gut microbiota of IBD patients, such as Firmicutes , Ruminococcaceae , Lachnospiraceae , and Eubacterium , is reduced
In the right context, it can meaningfully support repair and recovery
Ioffe, S