Blood and urine tests may be needed to check for unwanted effects
doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1602976 Received 30 March 2025 Revised 13 November 2025 Accepted 14 November 2025 Published 19 December 2025 Volume 16 - 2025 Edited by Bernd Rosenkranz, Fundisa African Academy of Medicines Development, South Africa Reviewed by Kacper Nijakowski, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland Miriam Njoki Karinja, Science for Africa Foundation, Kenya Updates Copyright 2025 Mazur, Ndokaj, Salerno, Vallone, Ardan, Bietolini, Carrouel, Wilk, Sarig, Ottolenghi and Bourgeois
Any contaminants introduced at this stagedust, microbes from your hands, residue on the countertopcan end up in your final solution
A focus on your time and comfort
If you have an allergy to benzyl alcohol, discontinue or avoid bacteriostatic water and opt for sterile water
How Do You Reconstitute MOTS-c