Before diving into the two distinct categories of therapeutic restoration of BBB integrity, drug therapy and microbial metabolites, it is first necessary to introduce the tools used for studying the BBB, to better understand how the therapeutics are screened for restoring barrier integrity
Use With Caution / Additional Monitoring in Research Contexts Glutathione is a widely researched antioxidant involved in cellular redox balance, oxidative-stress regulation, and cellular detoxificationrelated pathways
& Gaecka, E
Skin-of-colour patients who dont fancy injections can opt for this non-invasive method
Safety and translational considerations were discussed, including brain penetration after systemic administration
doi: 10.3389/fcell.2025.1559300 Received 12 January 2025 Accepted 29 May 2025 Published 09 June 2025 Volume 13 - 2025 Edited by Ariane Zamoner, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil Reviewed by Belm Sampaio-Marques, University of Minho, Portugal Heidar Heidari Khoei, Austrian Academy of Sciences (OeAW), Austria Updates Copyright 2025 Khodaei, Noori, Zare and Meshkin