Indeed, recent large studies have now confirmed that a substantial portion (50% or more) of disability accrued even in relapsing MS occurs due to PIRA, i.e., not due to incomplete recovery from an inflammatory attack (Graf et al., 2021
Nat Rev Cardiol (2023) 20(7):46374
These conditions carry risk of life-threatening complications when combined with GLP-1 therapy
Although certain probiotic strains have shown potential benefits in modulating the immune system and reducing inflammation, their long-term effects and interactions with other treatments remain unclear
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Researchers believe this may be due to how GLP-1 affects the gut by: Slowing motility Modulating nerve signaling Possibly reducing visceral hypersensitivity (pain response) There is also some early evidence that GLP-1 medications may reduce overall IBS symptom severity and medication use, although more long-term data is needed 6