Results We included 39 pwIIH (mean age 33.6 years [SD 8.0], 92.3% female, median BMI 36.3 kg/m 2 [IQR 31.438.3]), with 13 patients being treated with GLP-1-RAs
These reactive oxygen species such as free radicals, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and lipid peroxides can damage our mitochondria and limit ATP production (our main energy molecule)
As with other clinical manifestations of G6PD deficiency syndromes, it is seen primarily in males, although it also can occur in females with severe enzyme deficiency
However, these data are in conflict with a previous report that demonstrated an enhanced mitochondrial function in the liver, muscle, heart, kidneys, and brain of aged GHRKO mice ( in vivo (Riedel et al., 2020)
Newer surgeries, however, have been developed that can preserve fecal continence by using part of the ileum to create a pouch that is connected to the intact rectal sphincter (Hwang 2008)
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