GLP-1 is released from intestinal L-cells in a biphasic pattern following meal ingestion: an initial early peak within 1015 minutes, driven primarily by neural and endocrine signals from the upper gastrointestinal tract, is followed by a sustained second peak at 3060 minutes driven by direct nutrient contact with L-cells in the distal ileum and colon
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Zhao S, Yan Z, Du Y, Li Z, Tang C, Jing L, et al
[DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar] 35.Eng J, Kleinman WA, Singh L, et al
Most GLP-1 medications are taken via injection daily or weekly
While GLP-1RA has proven clinical efficacy, the need for more comprehensive studies, to ensure their long-term safety, is essential to optimize their therapeutic role and improve patient outcomes on a global scale