We acknowledged that other signaling pathways that influence EMT were not exhaustively examined in the present work
Badenhorst et al
Glutathione, known as the master antioxidant, is the main mechanism for neutralising free radicals in the body
In rats, AC exhibits an oral bioavailability of only 0.12%, with Cmax values ranging from 0.13 to 135.4 ng/mL and short half-lives of 10.7 to 92.1 min
Notably, Smad3 , which acts primarily downstream of the TGF-activin pathway and is predicted to drive early gene expression changes in HD 23 , was significantly upregulated in the iSPN + mut subpopulation at 8 months (Extended Data Fig
However, when there is sufficient glutathione in the cell, the newly unstable oxidized glutathione pairs with available glutathione with the help of an enzyme called glutathione reductase