Currently, there are ten classes of orally available pharmacological agents to treat T2DM: 1) sulfonylureas, 2) meglitinides, 3) metformin (a biguanide), 4) thiazolidinediones (TZDs), 5) alpha glucosidase inhibitors, 6) dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-4) inhibitors, 7) bile acid sequestrants, 8) dopamine agonists, 9) sodium-glucose transport protein 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and 10) oral glucagon like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists
doi:10.1073/pnas.1513973112 Underhill SM et al (2020): Amphetamine Stimulates Endocytosis of the Norepinephrine and Neuronal Glutamate Transporters in Cultured Locus Coeruleus Neurons
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Richard Bloomer, PhD, academic dean, research scientist, and dietary supplement expert
Anxiety often correlates with elevated sympathetic tone from additive cardiovascular effects