During human fat digestion bile secreted from the gall bladder emulsifies fat into droplets so lipases can digest it
Specifically, their respective concentrations of benzyl alcohol play an important role in determining which one will offer better protection against microbial growth while still not affecting the stability or integrity of whatever it is being used on/for at any given time
doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1843.2012.02132.x
Quick Take 1: Vegans and vegetarians can get B12 from plant sources, but have to consume a lot of these foods daily, including organically grown cress, shitake mushrooms, nori seaweed, and fermented vegetables
It dials up the activity of genes associated with tissue repair and antioxidant production while turning down those linked to inflammation
However, it is expensive, requires a clinical setting, and carries risks like bruising or infection at the injection site