H.LeeJ.DengW.MaX.et al (2025)
After analyzing the average number of IL-6, IL-1, TNF-, and COX-2 proteins expression using the Oneway Anova method, it showed differences in the amount of COX-2, TNF-, IL-1, and IL- 6 that were found
Injection site reactions (mild redness, transient swelling) are the most common, typically resolving within 24 hours
In some cases, insurance may cover part of the cost, but this varies depending on the provider and your individual policy
Center for Drug Evaluation And Research
These findings suggest that pain frequency alone may be insufficient for making a clear distinction between FC and IBS-C [13,14,15]