Participants were all outpatients and for initial enrollment were required to have a score 18 on the 17-item HAM-D and have a history of inadequate response to two or more antidepressants, specifically listed in Section A: Recognized Antidepressants of the Maudsley Treatment Inventory 53 , prescribed at a minimum effective dose for at least 6 weeks, or at least one antidepressant prescribed at the minimum effective dose for at least 6 weeks and a course of evidence-based psychotherapy
Bocci, V.,Does ozone therapy normalize the cellular redox balance?, Medical Hypot., 46:150-154 (1996)
Available online at: (Accessed November 1, 2022)
Wang et al., 2021b)
The results were negative or ambiguous
Sleep disruption changes the microbiome, as is shown in experiments where alterations in gut bacterial profiles were found in mice with circadian rhythm mutations or rats with chronic sleep deprivation (Chandra et al., 2023)